Page 66 - 无损检测2024年第八期

试验研究
试验研究

DOI：10.11973/wsjc202408006

基于三维仿形建模的曲面构件水浸超声检测

张云淼 ，康 达 ，吴慧慧 ，单联祺 ，马兆光 ，张 宏 1
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（1. 北京动力机械研究所，北京 100074；2. 阿塔米智能装备（北京）有限公司，北京 101399）
摘 要：水浸超声检测技术以其检测灵敏度高、缺陷显示直观等特点而被广泛应用于航天关键
构件内部质量检测中，但随着增材制造的推广应用，三维曲面构件外形轮廓越来越复杂，呈现出空
间异形曲面的特点，现有水浸超声检测系统难以实现三维曲面构件检测图像的三维显示。针对上
述问题，提出了基于插点仿形建模的三维曲面构件水浸超声检测技术，实现了三维外形轮廓重构、
三维空间扫查路径规划及检测图像重建，并借助三维曲面试块开展了检测结果验证，实现了人工刻
槽与平底孔缺陷的有效检出，缺陷定量误差在10%以内。在此基础上，完成了典型产品实际检测
应用验证，结果表明该方法能够有效实现缺陷检出及定量。
关键词：超声检测；仿形建模；增材制造
中图分类号：TG115.28 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1000-6656(2024)08-0032-05

Ultrasonic detection of water immersion for curved surface components

based on three-dimensional copying modeling

ZHANG Yunmiao , KANG Da , WU Huihui , SHAN Lianqi , MA Zhaoguang , ZHANG Hong 1
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（1. Beijing Power Machinery Institute, Beijing 100074, China；
2. Atami Intelligent Equipment (Beijing) Co., Ltd.,Beijing 101399, China）
Abstract: Water immersion ultrasonic detection technology is widely used in the internal quality detection of key
aerospace components due to its high detection sensitivity and intuitive defect display. However, with the promotion and
application of additive manufacturing, the outline of three-dimensional curved components is becoming more and more
complex, showing the characteristics of space shaped surfaces. It is difficult for the existing water immersion ultrasonic
detection system to realize three-dimensional display of detection images of three-dimensional curved components. In
view of the above problems, this paper proposed a water immersion ultrasonic detection technology of three-dimensional
curved surface components based on interpolation point copying modeling, realized the reconstruction of three-dimensional
contour, three-dimensional space scanning path planning and detection image reconstruction, and carried out the verification
of detection results with the help of three-dimensional curved blocks, realizing the effective detection of manual grooving
and flat hole defects. The quantitative error rate of defects was controlled to be within 10%. On the basis of above, the
actual testing and application verification of typical products were completed. The results showed that the proposed method
can achieve the detection and quantification of the defects.
Key words: ultrasonic detection; copying modeling; additive manufacturing

采用激光束、电子束为热源的高能束熔化金属 层处理，获得各层截面的二维轮廓信息并生成加工

材料的增材制造技术在航空航天构件研制中得到大 路径，然后以高能量密度的激光作为热源，按照预定
量应用，该技术通过对零件的三维CAD模型进行分 的加工路径，将同步送进的粉末或丝材逐层熔化堆
积，从而实现金属零件的直接制造 [1-2] 。因此基于金
收稿日期：2023-12-19
属增材制造技术生产的产品可具有复杂的表面形状
作者简介：张云淼（1997—），男，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为超
和内部结构。
声检测和涡流检测
通信作者：康 达，kang_da@126.com 激光增材制造的过程中可能出现裂纹、气孔、
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2024 年 第 46 卷 第 8 期
无损检测