Page 92 - 无损检测2024年第十二期

试验研究
试验研究

DOI：10.11973/wsjc240331

长输油气管道漏磁内检测信号识别与分析

吕 坦，孟祥吉，闻亚星，王 锋，陈金忠，马义来
[中国特种设备检测研究院 国家市场监管技术创新中心（油气管道与储存设备安全），北京 100029]

摘 要：为了对长输油气管道漏磁内检测信号进行识别与分析，在阐述漏磁内检测原理的基础
上，分析了管道漏磁信号，其包含径向、轴向、周向分量，各分量可用于评估金属损失的不同维度信息，
且漏磁场信号与金属损失深度等参数有一定关系。然后对管道特征信号进行识别，包括焊缝、法兰、
阀门等结构特征信号及封堵三通、外接金属物等典型特征信号，还介绍了金属损失、应力金属损失、
凹陷等缺陷信号的识别方法，最后通过工程实例验证了信号识别的准确性。试验结果表明，漏磁内检
测可检测管道缺陷及本体特征，通过相关信号分析能精准识别特征点，建立固有特征数据库，为漏磁
内检测数据的准确分析及漏磁信号的快速识别提供帮助，为长输油气管道安全运行提供保障。
关键词：管道；漏磁内检测；漏磁信号

中图分类号：JG115.28 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1000-6656(2024)12-0058-08

Identification and analysis of magnetic leakage internal detection signals in
long-distance oil and gas pipelines

LV Tan, MENG Xiangji, WEN Yaxing, WANG Feng, CHEN Jinzhong, MA Yilai
[Technology Innovation Center of State Market Regulation（Safety of oil and Gas Pipeline and Storage Equipement）, China
Special Equipment Inspection & Research Institute, Beijing 100029, China]
Abstract: To identify and analyze the magnetic leakage internal detection signals of long-distance oil and gas pipelines,
firstly, explain the principle of magnetic leakage internal detection, then analyze the leakage magnetic signal, which includes
radial, axial, and circumferential components. Each component can evaluate different dimensions of metal loss information,
and there is a certain relationship between the leakage magnetic field and the depth of metal loss. Then, the characteristic
signals of the pipeline were identified, including structural characteristic signals such as welds, flanges, valves, and typical
characteristic signals such as sealing tees and external metal objects. The identification methods of defect signals such as
metal loss, stress metal loss, and indentation were also introduced. Finally, the accuracy of signal recognition was verified
through engineering examples. The experimental results show that magnetic flux leakage internal detection can detect
pipeline defects and intrinsic features. Through relevant signal analysis, feature points can be accurately identified, and
an inherent feature database can be established to provide assistance for accurate analysis of magnetic flux leakage internal
detection data and rapid identification of magnetic flux leakage signals, ensuring the safe operation of long-distance oil and
gas pipelines.
Key words: pipeline; magnetic flux leakage internal inspection; magnetic leakage signal

油气输送的主要手段是管道运输，作为能源输
收稿日期：2024-07-22 送的大动脉，管道的安全是保障国家能源安全的重
基金项目：中国特检院青年科技英才项目（KJYC-2023-10） 要一环。管道内检测是管道在正常输送状态下，对
作者简介：吕 坦（1988—），男，工程师，主要从事长输油气管道
管道进行在线检测的一种技术手段。漏磁内检测对
内检测工作 ［1-2］
通信作者：孟祥吉（1990—），男，工程师，主要从事压力管道的内 管道清洁度要求不高，且检测效率高 ，技术比较
检测及监测工作，mengxiangjisun@163.com 成熟，可以检测天然气、原油、成品油等管道，是目
58
2024 年 第 46 卷 第 12 期
无损检测