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试验研究
试验研究
DOI:10.11973/wsjc202407007
特种设备用激光熔化沉积钛合金构件的超声检测
马朝阳 ,刘竞雄 ,崔旭东 ,李文涛 2
1
1
2
(1. 甘肃省特种设备检验检测研究院,兰州 730050;2. 兰州理工大学 机电工程学院,兰州 730050)
摘 要:特种设备行业对激光熔化沉积钛合金构件的承压能力、安全性能具有较高要求。由于
激光熔化沉积的特殊制造工艺,成型的材料具有较高的多晶散射和衰减特性,严重影响了检测信
号的信噪比。针对这一问题,提出了一种基于归一化互相关的超声回波信号处理方法。根据参考
信号的互相关系数对超声波全波数据进行归一化和重建,以抑制噪声并提取大深度的弱回波信号。
针对预埋缺陷的TC11钛合金试件进行了超声水浸C扫描试验,用归一化互相关方法处理收集到的
回波信号,并对底部和缺陷回波进行成像。试验结果表明,归一化互相关方法可以提高传统单声道
超声检测方法对大厚度和复杂声学特性的钛合金部件的检测能力。
关键词:超声检测;特种设备;激光熔化沉积;归一化互相关;TC11钛合金
中图分类号:TG115.28 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1000-6656(2024)07-0034-07
Ultrasonic testing of laser melting deposited titanium alloy for special equipment
MA Zhaoyang , LIU Jingxiong , CUI Xudong , LI Wentao 2
1
1
2
(1. Gansu Province Special Equipment Inspection and Testing Institute, Lanzhou 730050, China;
2. College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China)
Abstract: There are high requirements for the pressure-bearing capacity and safety performance of titanium alloy
components by using laser melting deposition in the field of special equipment. Due to the special manufacturing process of
laser fusion deposition, molded titanium alloy material has a high polycrystalline scattering and attenuation, which seriously
affects the detection of the signal-to-noise ratio. A method for processing ultrasonic echo signals based on normalized
cross-correlation was proposed in this paper for solving the problem. The ultrasonic full-wave data was normalized and
reconstructed according to the correlation coefficient of the reference, and to suppress the noise and extract the weak echo
signals at large depths. For pre-buried defective TC11 titanium alloy specimens, ultrasonic C-scan test was performed,
and the collected echo signals were processed by normalized cross-correlation method, and the bottom and defect echoes
were imaged. Results showed that the normalized cross-correlation method can improve the detection capability of
conventional mono-ultrasonic inspection methods for titanium alloy components with large thickness and complex acoustic
properties.
Key words: ultrasonic testing; special equipment; laser melting deposition; normalized cross-correlation; TC11
titanium alloy
与锻造、铸造、机械加工等传统钛合金制造技术 需开模、材料利用率高等独特优势,已逐步应用于压
相比,激光熔化沉积技术具有复杂部件快速成型、无 力容器、起重设备等特种设备关键构件的一体化制
造中 。由于激光熔化沉积钛合金制造涉及复杂的
[1]
收稿日期:2023-12-18 材料熔化物理过程,不仅成型工艺参数复杂多样,而
基金项目:甘肃省重点研发计划-工业类项目 (23YFGA0036);
且对原材料和成型设备的要求很高,即使严格控制
甘肃省高等学校产业支撑计划项目(2022CYZC-24)
钛合金部件的成型工艺参数,在生产过程中仍会出
作者简介:马朝阳(1970—),男,高级工程师,主要从事特种设备
无损检测相关工作 现孔隙、裂纹、夹杂物等缺陷 [2-4] 。
通信作者:李文涛,liwentao@lut.edu.cn 超声检测可以检测出钛合金中孔隙、孔洞、裂纹
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2024 年 第 46 卷 第 7 期
无损检测

