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试验研究
试验研究
DOI:10.11973/wsjc240419
基于光源调制的弧形激光超声激发特性及
缺陷检测应用
李霂维,陈友兴,荀燕琴,曹 吉
(中北大学 信息与通信工程学院,太原 030051)
摘 要:针对激光超声在热弹机制下激发的超声体波信号弱,不易实现工件内部缺陷检测的问
题,基于激光光源调制方法,搭建了激光超声检测平台,利用单层金属板从理论和试验两方面分析
了弧形激光激励超声体波的传播特性,并以此为基础检测了多层金属板的分层缺陷。试验结果表
明,在热弹机制下,相比传统点激光,弧形激光能够激发出更强的体波信号,弧半径对体波激发效
率具有显著影响,而激发效率与弧心角呈正相关。此外,弧形激光具备检测微小缺陷的能力,但其
检测能力与检测分辨率相互制约。
关键词:激光超声;热弹机制;弧形激光
中图分类号:TN249;TB551;TG115.28 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1000-6656(2025)03-0035-07
Excitation characteristics and defect detection application of arc laser ultrasound based on
light source modulation
LI Muwei, CHEN Youxing, XUN Yanqin, CAO Ji
(School of Information and Communication Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China)
Abstract: In order to improve the efficiency of bulk wave excitation and defect detection capability in the thermoelastic
mode, this paper built a laser ultrasonic detection platform based on the modulation method of laser light source. The
propagation characteristics of ultrasonic bulk wave in a single layer of metal plate stimulated by arc laser were analyzed
theoretically and experimentally, and the layered defects in multi-layer metal plate were detected on this basis. The
experimental results showed that, under the thermoelastic mode, the arc laser was able to excite stronger bulk wave signals
compared with the conventional point laser; the arc radius had a significant effect on the bulk wave excitation efficiency,
while the excitation efficiency was positively correlated with the arc angle. In addition, the arc laser had the ability to detect
small defects, but its detection capability and detection resolution were constrained by each other.
Key words: laser ultrasound; thermoelastic mode; arc laser
激光超声作为一种新型无损检测方法,利用高 能,再将热能转化为机械能,从而产生超声波并实施
能量脉冲激光辐照在材料表面,先将光能转换为热 检测。该方法同时具备激光的非接触测量以及超声
对材料特性反映敏感的优点。因此激光超声检测技
术在重大装备、复杂结构的检测以及要求非接触检
收稿日期:2024-08-30
基金项目:国家自然基金联合基金重点支持项目(U23A20636); 测的场合具有广阔的应用前景,如飞机机翼、发动机
山西省自然科学基金项目(202103021224189) ;山西省基础研究计划 叶片等大曲率部件检测 以及管道、压力容器的缺陷
[1]
项目(202303021212208)
检测 [2-3] 。但在对材料无损伤的热弹机制下,体波作
作者简介:李霂维(1999—),男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为激
为检测材料内部缺陷的重要手段,其激发效率远小
光超声无损检测
于会对材料产生损伤的烧蚀机制下的激发效率,因
通信作者:陈友兴(1979—),男,教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向
为无损检测及信号处理与重建、超声检测,chenyouxing@nuc.edu.cn 此限制了激光超声对工件内部缺陷的无损检测能力。
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2025 年 第 47 卷 第 3 期
无损检测

