Abstract: Finite element method(FEM) was used to optimize design of magnetic flux leakage testing(MFLT) equipment for oil pipe. According to the structural parameters and testing requirement of oil pipe, the finite element model of MFL field of defect was modeled. Parameters of the exciters were optimized to determine the operating point in saturation curves, and obtain the optimal signal-to-noise ratio. Two improvement methods were proposed, which decreased greatly the end effects and increased testing sensitivity of Hall sensors, respectively. The improvement effects were validated by experimental data as well. The research results have been used in developing new MFL equipment.