Abstract: The positive electron annihilation nondestructive measurement technique is a kind of researching method for token and probing into of microcosmic material structure, and it is used for researching solid physical crystal blemish, material lattice structure and its structure change mutually. The technique has become a kind of new research means for microcosmic material structure, flaw, fatigue etc. According to its inherent characteristic, it is proposed that the technique is a kind of developing prospect of nondestructive evaluation ways for estimating airplane and guided missile fatigue.