Abstract: Through the analysis of the results of nondestructive testing of zirconium tube defect it is found that the main defects of the pipe by ultrasonic dimension measurement are end ellipticity exceeding the standard, large or small end diameter, and suddenly changing size in the middle part. The ultrasonic testing can mainly find the pipe inner surface longitudinal crack, outer surface polishing scratches and other defects. Eddy current inspection is mainly to find the surface bonding and pickling defects such as uneven size. Aiming at the above-mentioned defects by nondestructive testing of finished products, in order to increase the reliability of the finished pipe it was proposed that optimization design of rolling mill tool and die, pickling cleaning tube blank and the inner surface of the pipe sticking defect, and selecting suitable polishing belt and enabling polishing head retracted function disposal measures could increase the finished product rate while nondestructive testing of the nuclear zirconium alloy tubing.