Abstract: Simulation test method was adopted to research the influence of the test objects structural changes on CT number and image noise; the line attenuation coefficient comparison method and density comparing method were also compared to determine the better way during the density test of shell materials with heterogeneous texture, and the residual sum of squares method, which was the common method in the line attenuation coefficient comparison method, was introduced to determine the effective energy. The test result showed that the accuracy of density comparing method was better than line attenuation coefficient comparison method during the density test of shell materials with heterogeneous texture. This result has better guiding significance on method selection in the quantitative test of charging density for ammunition by industrial X-ray computed tomography.