Abstract: Traditional X-ray detection methods are based on the integration of X-ray intensity over the full energy range to form projection images. They fail to effectively utilize the absorption edge characteristics of elements in the detected object's components, limiting the enhancement of image contrast. To better leverage the high attenuation coefficients near the absorption edges of elements, this paper proposed an X-ray detection technique based on a Ross filter set. This technique constructed a narrow-bandpass filter to optimize the contrast of X-ray projection images within a specific energy range. By designing the materials and thicknesses of the Ross filter set, a passband near the absorption edge of the object could be formed, significantly enhancing the image contrast. Experimental results showed that the imaging method using the Ross filter set led to a marked increase in contrast in the tin foil region of the test block, demonstrating the effectiveness of this approach in improving X-ray image quality. This study provided a new perspective for optimizing X-ray imaging techniques and offered theoretical and practical support for acquiring high-contrast images in nondestructive testing.