Abstract: High-pressure hydrogen storage cylinders are predominantly fabricated utilizing the fully wrapping methodology with carbon fibers, wherein the wrapping layers typically bear the majority of the internal pressure loads. Any incidence of damage within these layers poses a formidable threat to safety. This paper focused on the multi-scale industrial computed tomography detection of defects in the wrapping layer of hydrogen storage cylinder and carbon fiber wrapping layer specimen, using the principle of geometric magnification imaging in industrial computed tomography. A classification scheme for delamination defects within the wrapping layers was devised according to their respective thicknesses, followed by an in-depth analysis aimed at elucidating the underlying causes for the manifestation of such diverse defect types. The microstructure of carbon fiber wrapping layer specimen was characterized through the application of optical microscope and scanning electron microscope techniques. Thereafter, the accuracy of industrial computed tomography in qualitatively deciphering delamination defects, quantitatively determining thickness, and discerning the wrapping methodologies of wrapping layers was rigorously substantiated.