Abstract: The water immersion ultrasonic focusing detection technology is widely used in high-precision and automated imaging detection of aviation components. The water immersion ultrasonic focusing probe is a key component in forming a focused sound field, and the testing and analysis of the probe performance and emission sound field distribution are very important, directly determining its detection performance. A comprehensive testing platform was built that can test the characteristics of immersion ultrasonic focusing probes and achieve sound field visualization; Characteristic testing and sound field imaging tests on three probes with the same nominal value were conducted. The impact of probe performance parameters on sound field distribution and the impact of probe sound field distribution characteristics on detection ability were analyzed. The experimental results indicated that the test values of ultrasonic probe characteristics and the visualized sound field can charcterize its detection ability, which played an important role in ensuring probe detection performance, assisting probe optimization design, and avoiding deterioration of detection performance.