Abstract: Early age concrete can cause significant internal and external temperature differences, leading to temperature cracks. The early temperature cracks in concrete structures have a significant impact on their service performance, therefore, monitor the early age temperature of concrete structures. The temperature of the mass concrete construction site of the bridge cushion cap of a high-speed railway track project was monitored to reflect the temperature change inside the foundation in real time, and the early age temperature of the structure was monitored based on the acoustic emission technology, establishing the relationship between the temperature and the acoustic emission signal, which played a guiding role in the mass concrete construction.