Abstract: Due to the ion interaction in the working environment, the shield tunnel segment wall of the subway tunnel can corrosion damage, increase the safety hazards of the tunnel and may reduce the service life of the tunnel. Therefore, it is necessary to inspect the shield tunnel segment wall of the subway tunnel. The author synthetic aperture focused ultrasoun imaging technology to detect the degree of corrosion damage the wall thickness of the pipe segment. Firstly, a forward model and finite element simulation analysis on concrete corroded structureshe impact of different corrosion levels on ultrasonic imaging results of concrete structures Then, the plain concrete platform and shield tunnel segment components separately. The experimental results indicate that ultrasonic imaging technology can quickly and accurately detect the corrosion status of plain concrete and shield tunnel segments, providing an efficient and accurate quality and safety detection method for subway tunnel construction projects.