Abstract: The image quality evaluation method of neutron radiography was presented in this study, and an image quality indicator system was determined to evaluate and grade the image quality of the specific reactor neutron radiography system. The results show that the content of γ ray included in thermal neutron beams shall result in the increment of background noise and the deterioration of image quality. Regardless of thermal or cold neutron source, the evaluated image quality level of film stays ahead of digital image,and the image quality level of single-sided film is the best. The image quality indicators should be imaged together with the detected object, which is helpful to understand the level of neutron radiography system and to judge whether the image quality meets the acceptance requirements of detected objects.