Nondestructive testing on depth and orientation of surface crack with critically refracted longitudinal wave
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摘要: 针对表面裂纹深度和取向的无损表征难题，提出一种基于临界折射纵波(LCR)的检测方法。以碳钢试块表面垂直裂纹(深度为1～8 mm)、倾斜裂纹(长度为10 mm，倾角为15°～90°)为检测对象进行试验，分析了裂纹深度、取向对LCR波信号的影响规律，通过信号幅值和B扫描成像表征裂纹。试验结果表明，LCR波在传播过程中会受到表面裂纹的遮挡作用，并在裂纹尖端产生衍射。随裂纹深度增加，遮挡作用增强，透射LCR波幅值下降且到达时刻延后，对裂纹取向不敏感；B扫描图像中LCR波及对应尖端衍射波的位置、方向与裂纹的深度、取向具有良好的一致性。该检测方法为表面裂纹的有效表征提供了新思路。Abstract: Aiming at the characterization of the depth and orientation of a surface crack, a nondestructive testing method using critically refracted longitudinal (LCR) wave was proposed. The carbon steel test block containing vertical cracks (1~8 mm depth) and oblique cracks (10 mm length, 15°~90° inclination angle) were tested. The effects of depth and orientation were analyzed. The amplitude of LCR wave and the B-scan imaging were used to determine the depth and orientation. Results showed that LCR wave was blocked and diffracted wave from the crack tips was also observed. As the crack depth increased, the blocking effect of LCR waves increased, leading to a decrease in the amplitude of transmitted LCR waves. However, it was not sensitive to the crack orientation. At the same time, the arrival time of LCR wave was delayed. B-scan images were reconstructed by the change of the diffracted wave with both crack depth and orientation, which provided a new idea for the qualitative assessment of surface cracks.
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