Abstract: In order to reduce the deformation and distortion of UAV aerial image, a degradation model of UAV aerial image was built to restore the image quality. Based on this, the EDPF algorithm is used to detect the edge of high voltage line and realize intelligent fault identification of high voltage line. The experimental results show that the fault identification results of this method are completely consistent with the actual situation, and after using this method, the cumulative duration of power fluctuation in the high voltage system decreases significantly, which verifies the application effectiveness of the proposed method.