Abstract: Annular nuclear fuel element is a new, efficient and safe fuel element cooled on both sides. In order to ensure the welding quality of the circumferential weld of the element, the digital X-ray imaging detection is carried out. The detection results show that the image sensitivity (minimum visible wire diameter) of cylindrical girth weld is 0. 20 mm, and that of end girth weld is 0. 10 mm. The metallographic test further verifies that the detection method can meet the requirements of the quality evaluation of the welds.