Application of nondestructive testing in textile cultural relics protection
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摘要: 目前，多项无损检测技术已成功应用于纺织品文物保护领域，包括利用显微图像、激光共聚焦成像、红外光谱、光纤光谱、X荧光光谱、多光谱成像等技术对纺织品文物工艺、纤维、染料、色彩、成分、印迹等信息元素进行科学认知，及利用表面酸碱度无损检测、表面回潮率无损检测、褪色色差无损检测等技术对文物修复前、中、后全过程进行本体安全监测。归纳总结了利用无损检测技术开展纺织品文物科学认知和修复保护研究的经验与不足，旨在为建立纺织品文物研究与保护的无损检测体系提供借鉴，促进纺织品文物无损检测的深入研究，提高文物保护的科学性。Abstract: The valuable historical information contained in textile relics has witnessed the development of Chinese civilization. How to fully and nondestructively excavate the loaded information and accurately monitor the security status of the whole process of protection was still an industry problem. At the same time, there are relatively few researches on nondestructive testing of textile relics. At present, a number of non-destructive testing technologies have been successfully applied in textile cultural relics protection, such as process, fiber, dye, color, composition, imprint with microscopic image, laser confocal imaging, infrared spectroscopy, optical fiber spectrum, X-ray fluorescence spectrum, multispectral imaging, etc., also, the safety monitoring of the whole process of cultural relic restoration is carried out by surface acid-base nondestructive testing, surface moisture regain nondestructive testing and fading color nondestructive testing. The experience and shortcomings of using nondestructive testing technology for purpose of the scientific congnition and protection of textile cultural relics have been summarized in this paper. It is the aim of the authors to provide reference for the establishment of non-destructive testing system for research and protection of textile cultural relics and promote the in-depth study of non-destructive testing technology of textile cultural relics.
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