Abstract: In order to quickly determine the location and size of defects by nondestructive testing, defect information extraction method based on laser speckle detection technology can be adopted. Based on the principle of speckle interferometry, image denoising is studied and analyzed in this paper. The experimental results show that the speckle interferometry information can be effectively extracted by Fourier filtering, image linear trend processing, gray processing and step-by-step unwrapping, and the defect signal is relatively clear. In view of the research results, the integrated image processing technology is used to detect and process the airplane radome, and the relevant information of the defects is obtained. The feasibility of this method in extracting the defects of laminated structure and paper honeycomb structure is verified, and the efficiency and reliability of laser speckle detection are effectively improved.