Abstract: The application value of shear wave elastography in the diagnosis of renal obstructive diseases was studied. First, 80 cases of renal obstructive disease (49 cases of ureteral obstruction, 18 cases of congenital ureteral stricture, 5 cases of bladder cancer invading the ureteral end, 3 cases of ureteral polyps and 5 cases of pelvic tumor compression) were selected as the observation group, and 80 cases of health were selected. The physical examination was used as a control group to measure the size and cortical thickness of the kidney by conventional two-dimensional ultrasound. The shear wave elastography was used to measure the elasticity modulus of the obstructed renal cortex in the observation group and the renal cortex of the control group. The elasticity modulus value, and the two data are compared and analyzed. The results showed that the obstructed kidney volume in the observation group was larger than that in the normal control group, and the cortical thickness was thinner than that in the normal control group. The average elasticity modulus of the obstructed renal cortex was significantly higher than the average elasticity modulus of the normal renal cortex in the control group. Value, there is a significant difference between the two groups of data, and the more severe the obstruction, the longer the course of disease, the higher the elasticity modulus value. Therefore, shear wave elastography can quantitatively assess the degree of damage in the renal cortex. This study is conducive to the judgment of patients' conditions and the development of treatment plans.