Abstract: This paper aims at the problems of the in situ detection efficiency of the composite wing tank and the influence of residual oil in oil tank on ultrasonic evaluation. By the overall consideration of the composite wing tank structure form of the aircraft, the damage characteristics and actual field detection environment, researches on the rapid in-situ detection of the whole wall panel of the wing tank by ultrasonic phased array and on the influence of aircraft oil on ultrasonic testing signals are carried out. Finally, the rapid detection scheme of ultrasonic phased array for the integral panel of the aircraft composite wing fuel tank and the design of the evaluation method of debonding damage by ultrasonic testing under the existence of aircraft oil were proposed.