Abstract: In order to identify internal and external wall defects of pipeline, a pulse eddy current pipeline detection system based on MSP430 MCU was designed in accordance with the principle of pulsed eddy current testing technology. The paper focuses on the design of excitation circuit of pulse signal, power amplifier circuit, probe module, communication with upper computer by LabVIEW, and data acquisition and processing section. The system has been tested on experimental pipe sections with artificial defects, and the experimental results show that the detection system has high detection ability for metal loss on the inner wall of pipeline, and is effective in distinguishing inner and outer wall defects.